lymphocyte activation

Summary

Summary: Morphologic alteration of small lymphocytes in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific antigens. It may also occur in vivo, as in GRAFT REJECTION and chronic myelogenous leukemia (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC).

Top Publications

  1. pmc HIV nonprogressors preferentially maintain highly functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cells
    Michael R Betts
    Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Blood 107:4781-9. 2006
  2. ncbi Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions
    F Sallusto
    Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland
    Nature 401:708-12. 1999
  3. pmc Up on the tightrope: natural killer cell activation and inhibition
    Lewis L Lanier
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143 0414, USA
    Nat Immunol 9:495-502. 2008
  4. pmc Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25- naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-beta induction of transcription factor Foxp3
    Wanjun Chen
    Cellular Immunology Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    J Exp Med 198:1875-86. 2003
  5. ncbi Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival
    Tyler J Curiel
    Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
    Nat Med 10:942-9. 2004
  6. ncbi CTLA-4 control over Foxp3+ regulatory T cell function
    Kajsa Wing
    Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
    Science 322:271-5. 2008
  7. ncbi Immunobiology of dendritic cells
    J Banchereau
    Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, Texas 75204, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 18:767-811. 2000
  8. ncbi Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3
    Shohei Hori
    Laboratory of Immunopathology, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Institute for Physical and Chemical Research, Yokohama 230 0045, Japan
    Science 299:1057-61. 2003
  9. ncbi Regulation of the germinal center response by microRNA-155
    To Ha Thai
    CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Science 316:604-8. 2007
  10. ncbi Regulatory T cells prevent catastrophic autoimmunity throughout the lifespan of mice
    Jeong M Kim
    Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
    Nat Immunol 8:191-7. 2007

Research Grants

  1. Study of zidovudine addition in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
    Albert Anderson; Fiscal Year: 2013
  2. Identifying underlying mechanisms of intracellular changes in response to caregiv
    MELANIE SARAH FLINT; Fiscal Year: 2013
  3. Fnip1 Function in Lymphocyte Development, Activation and Metabolism
    Brian M Iritani; Fiscal Year: 2013
  4. Abdominal Symptom Phenotypes: Pathways to New Biomarkers
    Robert Shulman; Fiscal Year: 2010
  5. Antigen receptor inputs: linking structural, molecular, and cellular responses
    Jonathan P Schneck; Fiscal Year: 2012
  6. New Peptides for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
    Christine Beeton; Fiscal Year: 2013
  7. Glucose energy metabolism in the growth and survival of B lymphocytes
    THOMAS CRANE CHILES; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. The role of regulatory T cells in biliary atresia
    Alexander Miethke; Fiscal Year: 2013
  9. Novel mechanisms of immune activation following allogeneic, hematopoietic stem ce
    JOHN JAMES LETTERIO; Fiscal Year: 2013
  10. Stress-induced hypertension and the role of the neuroimmune system
    PAUL MARVAR; Fiscal Year: 2012

Detail Information

Publications339 found, 100 shown here

  1. pmc HIV nonprogressors preferentially maintain highly functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cells
    Michael R Betts
    Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Blood 107:4781-9. 2006
    ..Thus, rather than quantity or phenotype, the quality of the CD8(+) T-cell functional response serves as an immune correlate of HIV disease progression and a potential qualifying factor for evaluation of HIV vaccine efficacy...
  2. ncbi Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions
    F Sallusto
    Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland
    Nature 401:708-12. 1999
    ....
  3. pmc Up on the tightrope: natural killer cell activation and inhibition
    Lewis L Lanier
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143 0414, USA
    Nat Immunol 9:495-502. 2008
    ....
  4. pmc Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25- naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-beta induction of transcription factor Foxp3
    Wanjun Chen
    Cellular Immunology Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    J Exp Med 198:1875-86. 2003
    ..Finally, in a murine asthma model, coadministration of these TGF-beta-induced suppressor T cells prevented house dust mite-induced allergic pathogenesis in lungs...
  5. ncbi Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival
    Tyler J Curiel
    Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
    Nat Med 10:942-9. 2004
    ..This specific recruitment of T(reg) cells represents a mechanism by which tumors may foster immune privilege. Thus, blocking T(reg) cell migration or function may help to defeat human cancer...
  6. ncbi CTLA-4 control over Foxp3+ regulatory T cell function
    Kajsa Wing
    Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
    Science 322:271-5. 2008
    ..Thus, natural Tregs may critically require CTLA-4 to suppress immune responses by affecting the potency of antigen-presenting cells to activate other T cells...
  7. ncbi Immunobiology of dendritic cells
    J Banchereau
    Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, Texas 75204, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 18:767-811. 2000
    ..Although our understanding of DC biology is still in its infancy, we are now beginning to use DC-based immunotherapy protocols to elicit immunity against cancer and infectious diseases...
  8. ncbi Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3
    Shohei Hori
    Laboratory of Immunopathology, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Institute for Physical and Chemical Research, Yokohama 230 0045, Japan
    Science 299:1057-61. 2003
    ..Thus, Foxp3 is a key regulatory gene for the development of regulatory T cells...
  9. ncbi Regulation of the germinal center response by microRNA-155
    To Ha Thai
    CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Science 316:604-8. 2007
    ..miR-155 exerts this control, at least in part, by regulating cytokine production. These results also suggest that individual microRNAs can exert critical control over mammalian differentiation processes in vivo...
  10. ncbi Regulatory T cells prevent catastrophic autoimmunity throughout the lifespan of mice
    Jeong M Kim
    Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
    Nat Immunol 8:191-7. 2007
    ..We suggest that self-reactive T cells are continuously suppressed by T(reg) cells and that when suppression is relieved, self-reactive T cells become activated and facilitate accelerated maturation of dendritic cells...
  11. ncbi Reciprocal TH17 and regulatory T cell differentiation mediated by retinoic acid
    Daniel Mucida
    La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Science 317:256-60. 2007
    ..These findings indicate that a common metabolite can regulate the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immunity...
  12. ncbi The biology of NKT cells
    Albert Bendelac
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Committee on Immunology, Department of Pathology University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 25:297-336. 2007
    ....
  13. ncbi Chromatin-IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors
    Elizabeth A Leadbetter
    Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
    Nature 416:603-7. 2002
    ..The unique features of this dual-engagement pathway should facilitate the development of therapies that specifically target autoreactive B cells...
  14. ncbi Interleukin-2 signaling via STAT5 constrains T helper 17 cell generation
    Arian Laurence
    Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Immunity 26:371-81. 2007
    ..We conclude that in addition to the promotion of activation-induced cell death of lymphocytes and the generation of Treg cells, inhibition of Th17 polarization appears to be an important function of IL-2...
  15. pmc CD4+ T cell depletion during all stages of HIV disease occurs predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract
    Jason M Brenchley
    Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 40 Convent Dr, Room 3509, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    J Exp Med 200:749-59. 2004
    ....
  16. pmc Bcl6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation
    Robert J Johnston
    Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology LIAI, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Science 325:1006-10. 2009
    ..These findings demonstrate that T(FH) cells are required for proper B cell responses in vivo and that Bcl6 and Blimp-1 play central but opposing roles in T(FH) differentiation...
  17. ncbi Retinoic acid imprints gut-homing specificity on T cells
    Makoto Iwata
    Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, 11 Minamiooya, Machida shi, Tokyo 194 8511, Japan
    Immunity 21:527-38. 2004
    ..These findings revealed a novel role for retinoic acid in the imprinting of gut-homing specificity on T cells...
  18. ncbi Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3
    L Alexopoulou
    Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
    Nature 413:732-8. 2001
    ..Moreover, poly(I:C) can induce activation of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases independently of MyD88, and cause dendritic cells to mature...
  19. ncbi CD107a as a functional marker for the identification of natural killer cell activity
    Galit Alter
    Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
    J Immunol Methods 294:15-22. 2004
    ..Cumulatively, the data presented here demonstrate that CD107a is a sensitive marker of NK cell activity...
  20. ncbi T-cell priming by dendritic cells in lymph nodes occurs in three distinct phases
    Thorsten R Mempel
    The CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Nature 427:154-9. 2004
    ....
  21. ncbi Lymphoproliferative disorders with early lethality in mice deficient in Ctla-4
    P Waterhouse
    Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Science 270:985-8. 1995
    ..Thus, CTLA-4 acts as a negative regulator of T cell activation and is vital for the control of lymphocyte homeostasis...
  22. pmc Coregulation of CD8+ T cell exhaustion by multiple inhibitory receptors during chronic viral infection
    Shawn D Blackburn
    Immunology Program and Wistar Vaccine Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    Nat Immunol 10:29-37. 2009
    ..Thus, CD8+ T cell responses during chronic viral infections are regulated by complex patterns of coexpressed inhibitory receptors...
  23. ncbi Foxp3+ CD25+ CD4+ natural regulatory T cells in dominant self-tolerance and autoimmune disease
    Shimon Sakaguchi
    Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
    Immunol Rev 212:8-27. 2006
    ....
  24. ncbi Lymphocyte egress from thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is dependent on S1P receptor 1
    Mehrdad Matloubian
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143 0414, USA
    Nature 427:355-60. 2004
    ..in T-cell development before exit from the thymus, whereas S1P1 is downregulated during peripheral lymphocyte activation, and this is associated with retention in lymphoid organs...
  25. pmc Trans-endocytosis of CD80 and CD86: a molecular basis for the cell-extrinsic function of CTLA-4
    Omar S Qureshi
    Medical Research Council MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
    Science 332:600-3. 2011
    ....
  26. pmc Bcl6 mediates the development of T follicular helper cells
    Roza I Nurieva
    Department of Immunology, M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Science 325:1001-5. 2009
    ..Our data thus illustrate that Bcl6 is required for programming of T(FH) cell generation...
  27. pmc The transcription factor Myc controls metabolic reprogramming upon T lymphocyte activation
    Ruoning Wang
    Department of Immunology, St Jude Children s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
    Immunity 35:871-82. 2011
    ..Therefore, a Myc-dependent global metabolic transcriptome drives metabolic reprogramming in activated, primary T lymphocytes. This may represent a general mechanism for metabolic reprogramming under patho-physiological conditions...
  28. pmc Relationship between T cell activation and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-seropositive individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of therapy
    Peter W Hunt
    Positive Health Program, San Francisco General Hospital, Bldg 80, Ward 84, 995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
    J Infect Dis 197:126-33. 2008
    ....
  29. pmc Dendritic cells induce peripheral T cell unresponsiveness under steady state conditions in vivo
    D Hawiger
    Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA
    J Exp Med 194:769-79. 2001
    ..We conclude that in the absence of additional stimuli DCs induce transient antigen-specific T cell activation followed by T cell deletion and unresponsiveness...
  30. pmc T cell activation
    Jennifer E Smith-Garvin
    Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 27:591-619. 2009
    ..complex (MHC) complex pSMAC: peripheral supramolecular activation cluster PTK: protein tyrosine kinase Signal transduction: biochemical events linking surface receptor engagement to cellular responses TCR: T cell antigen receptor..
  31. ncbi CD1d-restricted and TCR-mediated activation of valpha14 NKT cells by glycosylceramides
    T Kawano
    CREST Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Project, Japan Science and Technology Corporation JST, 1 8 1 Inohana, Chuo, Chiba 260, Japan
    Science 278:1626-9. 1997
    ..Thus, this lymphocyte shares distinct recognition systems with either T or NK cells...
  32. ncbi Selective expression of the interleukin 7 receptor identifies effector CD8 T cells that give rise to long-lived memory cells
    Susan M Kaech
    Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
    Nat Immunol 4:1191-8. 2003
    ..Thus, selective expression of IL-7R identifies memory cell precursors, and this marker may be useful in predicting the number of memory T cells generated after infection or immunization...
  33. pmc A protective function for interleukin 17A in T cell-mediated intestinal inflammation
    William O'Connor
    Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
    Nat Immunol 10:603-9. 2009
    ..Our data demonstrate a protective function for IL-17 and identify T cells as not only the source but also a target of IL-17 in vivo...
  34. ncbi Molecular signature of CD8+ T cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection
    E John Wherry
    Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road Room G211, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
    Immunity 27:670-84. 2007
    ..Thus, functional exhaustion is probably due to both active suppression and passive defects in signaling and metabolism. These results provide a framework for designing rational immunotherapies during chronic infections...
  35. ncbi Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses
    Akiko Iwasaki
    Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
    Nat Immunol 5:987-95. 2004
    ..Recent studies have provided important clues about the mechanisms of TLR-mediated control of adaptive immunity orchestrated by dendritic cell populations in distinct anatomical locations...
  36. ncbi Loss of CTLA-4 leads to massive lymphoproliferation and fatal multiorgan tissue destruction, revealing a critical negative regulatory role of CTLA-4
    E A Tivol
    Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Immunity 3:541-7. 1995
    ..In the absence of CTLA-4, peripheral T cells are activated, can spontaneously proliferate, and may mediate lethal tissue injury...
  37. ncbi The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection
    Arlene H Sharpe
    Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Nat Immunol 8:239-45. 2007
    ..Here we examine the functions of PD-1 and its ligands in regulating antimicrobial and self-reactive T cell responses and discuss the therapeutic potential of manipulating this pathway...
  38. pmc A crucial role for interleukin (IL)-1 in the induction of IL-17-producing T cells that mediate autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    Caroline Sutton
    Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
    J Exp Med 203:1685-91. 2006
    ..Tumor necrosis factor alpha also synergized with IL-23 to enhance IL-17 production, and this was IL-1 dependent. Our findings demonstrate that IL-1 functions upstream of IL-17 to promote pathogenic ThIL-17 cells in EAE...
  39. pmc The interleukin 23 receptor is essential for the terminal differentiation of interleukin 17-producing effector T helper cells in vivo
    Mandy J McGeachy
    Schering Plough Biopharma, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
    Nat Immunol 10:314-24. 2009
    ..These defects were associated with less proliferation; consequently, fewer effector T(H)-17 cells were produced in the lymph nodes and hence available to emigrate to the bloodstream and tissues...
  40. ncbi Immune activation set point during early HIV infection predicts subsequent CD4+ T-cell changes independent of viral load
    Steven G Deeks
    San Francisco General Hospital, 995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
    Blood 104:942-7. 2004
    ..These data indicate that immunologic activation set point is established early in HIV infection, and that this set point determines the rate at which CD4+ T cells are lost over time...
  41. pmc HIV controllers exhibit potent CD8 T cell capacity to suppress HIV infection ex vivo and peculiar cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation phenotype
    Asier Saez-Cirion
    Unité de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Institut Pasteur, 75725 Paris, France
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:6776-81. 2007
    ..This constitutive antiviral capacity of CD8(+) T cells could account for the control of viral replication in HIC...
  42. pmc Batf3 deficiency reveals a critical role for CD8alpha+ dendritic cells in cytotoxic T cell immunity
    Kai Hildner
    Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Science 322:1097-100. 2008
    ..Importantly, rejection of highly immunogenic syngeneic tumors was impaired in Batf3-/- mice. These results suggest an important role for CD8alpha+ dendritic cells and cross-presentation in responses to viruses and in tumor rejection...
  43. pmc Helios expression is a marker of T cell activation and proliferation
    Tatiana Akimova
    Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 6:e24226. 2011
    ..Since Helios expression is associated with T cell activation and cellular division, regardless of the cell subset involved, it does not appear suitable as a marker to distinguish natural and induced Treg cells...
  44. ncbi NK cell development, homeostasis and function: parallels with CD8⁺ T cells
    Joseph C Sun
    Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
    Nat Rev Immunol 11:645-57. 2011
    ..In this Review, we highlight the many stages that an NK cell progresses through during its remarkable lifetime, discussing similarities and differences with its close relative, the cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell...
  45. pmc Type I interferons act directly on CD8 T cells to allow clonal expansion and memory formation in response to viral infection
    Ganesh A Kolumam
    Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
    J Exp Med 202:637-50. 2005
    ..Thus, IFN-IR signaling in CD8 T cells is critical for the generation of effector and memory cells in response to viral infection...
  46. ncbi Prevalence of regulatory T cells is increased in peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment of patients with pancreas or breast adenocarcinoma
    Udaya K Liyanage
    Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    J Immunol 169:2756-61. 2002
    ..These T(reg) may mitigate the immune response against cancer, and may partly explain the poor immune response against tumor Ags...
  47. ncbi Plasticity of Foxp3(+) T cells reflects promiscuous Foxp3 expression in conventional T cells but not reprogramming of regulatory T cells
    Takahisa Miyao
    Research Unit for Immune Homeostasis, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230 0045, Japan
    Immunity 36:262-75. 2012
    ..This study establishes that Treg cells constitute a stable cell lineage, whose committed state in a changing environment is ensured by DNA demethylation of the Foxp3 locus irrespectively of ongoing Foxp3 expression...
  48. ncbi Selective stimulation of T cell subsets with antibody-cytokine immune complexes
    Onur Boyman
    Department of Immunology, IMM4, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Science 311:1924-7. 2006
    ..Thus, different cytokine-antibody complexes can be used to selectively boost or inhibit the immune response...
  49. ncbi Regulation of interferon-gamma during innate and adaptive immune responses
    Jamie R Schoenborn
    Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
    Adv Immunol 96:41-101. 2007
    ....
  50. ncbi BLyS: member of the tumor necrosis factor family and B lymphocyte stimulator
    P A Moore
    Human Genome Sciences, 9410 Key West Avenue, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
    Science 285:260-3. 1999
    ..The B cell tropism of BLyS is consistent with its receptor expression on B-lineage cells. The biological profile of BLyS suggests it is involved in monocyte-driven B cell activation...
  51. ncbi PKC-theta is required for TCR-induced NF-kappaB activation in mature but not immature T lymphocytes
    Z Sun
    Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA
    Nature 404:402-7. 2000
    ..These results indicate that PKC-theta functions in a unique pathway that links the TCR signalling complex to the activation of NF-kappaB in mature T lymphocytes...
  52. ncbi Differential antigen processing by dendritic cell subsets in vivo
    Diana Dudziak
    Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA
    Science 315:107-11. 2007
    ..This difference in antigen processing is intrinsic to the DC subsets and is associated with increased expression of proteins involved in MHC processing...
  53. ncbi Regulatory T cells mediate maternal tolerance to the fetus
    Varuna R Aluvihare
    Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom
    Nat Immunol 5:266-71. 2004
    ..Their absence led to a failure of gestation due to immunological rejection of the fetus...
  54. ncbi Transient expression of FOXP3 in human activated nonregulatory CD4+ T cells
    Jun Wang
    Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
    Eur J Immunol 37:129-38. 2007
    ..These data indicate that expression of endogenous FOXP3, in humans, is not sufficient to induce regulatory T cell activity or to identify T(reg) cells...
  55. ncbi HIV-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation is coupled to perforin expression and is maintained in nonprogressors
    Stephen A Migueles
    Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
    Nat Immunol 3:1061-8. 2002
    ..In addition, the relative absence of these functions in progressors may represent a mechanism by which HIV avoids immunological control...
  56. ncbi The B7-CD28 superfamily
    Arlene H Sharpe
    Immunology Research Division, Department of Pathology, Brigham, and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Nat Rev Immunol 2:116-26. 2002
    ..Here, we summarize our current understanding of the new members of the B7 and CD28 families, and discuss their therapeutic potential...
  57. ncbi Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand
    Y Y Kong
    Amgen Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Nature 402:304-9. 1999
    ..These results show that both systemic and local T-cell activation can lead to OPGL production and subsequent bone loss, and they provide a novel paradigm for T cells as regulators of bone physiology...
  58. ncbi The NOD mouse: a model of immune dysregulation
    Mark S Anderson
    Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 23:447-85. 2005
    ..The information gained from this highly relevant model of human disease will lead to potential therapies that may alter the development of the disease and its progression in patients with T1D...
  59. pmc Selective miRNA disruption in T reg cells leads to uncontrolled autoimmunity
    Xuyu Zhou
    Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
    J Exp Med 205:1983-91. 2008
    ..These results support a central role for miRNAs in maintaining the stability of differentiated T reg cell function in vivo and homeostasis of the adaptive immune system...
  60. pmc Generation of T follicular helper cells is mediated by interleukin-21 but independent of T helper 1, 2, or 17 cell lineages
    Roza I Nurieva
    Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Immunity 29:138-49. 2008
    ..This study thus demonstrates that Tfh is a distinct Th cell lineage...
  61. ncbi Plasma cell differentiation requires the transcription factor XBP-1
    A M Reimold
    Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Nature 412:300-7. 2001
    ..XBP-1 is the only transcription factor known to be selectively and specifically required for the terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells...
  62. ncbi Natural killer cells in antiviral defense: function and regulation by innate cytokines
    C A Biron
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 17:189-220. 1999
    ....
  63. ncbi Phenotype and function of human T lymphocyte subsets: consensus and issues
    Victor Appay
    Cellular Immunology Laboratory, INSERM U543, Avenir Group, Hopital Pitie Salpetriere, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie PARIS6, 75013 Paris, France
    Cytometry A 73:975-83. 2008
    ..Finally, we discuss the problems which still limit general agreement...
  64. ncbi Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice
    D Kagi
    Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
    Nature 369:31-7. 1994
    ..The mice fail to clear lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and they eliminate fibrosarcoma tumour cells with reduced efficiency. Perforin is therefore a key effector molecule for T-cell- and natural killer-cell-mediated cytolysis...
  65. pmc Heterogeneity and plasticity of T helper cells
    Jinfang Zhu
    Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Cell Res 20:4-12. 2010
    ..In this review, we summarize recent reports on heterogeneity and plasticity of Th cells, and discuss potential mechanisms and implications of such features that Th cells display...
  66. ncbi TNF/TNFR family members in costimulation of T cell responses
    Tania H Watts
    Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
    Annu Rev Immunol 23:23-68. 2005
    ..Despite these complexities, stimulation or blockade of TNFR family costimulators shows promise for several therapeutic applications, including cancer, infectious disease, transplantation, and autoimmunity...
  67. ncbi MAP kinases in the immune response
    Chen Dong
    Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 7650, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 20:55-72. 2002
    ..In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the function and regulation of MAP kinase pathways in these phases of immune responses...
  68. pmc Emerging concepts in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS
    Daniel C Douek
    Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    Annu Rev Med 60:471-84. 2009
    ....
  69. ncbi Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS
    Mette D Hazenberg
    Department of Clinical Viro Immunology, Sanquin Research at CLB, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    AIDS 17:1881-8. 2003
    ..HIV-1 infection is characterized by chronic generalized CD8 and CD4 T cell hyperactivation, the biological effect of which is not understood...
  70. pmc IL-21 is required to control chronic viral infection
    Heidi Elsaesser
    Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and University of California, Los Angeles UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    Science 324:1569-72. 2009
    ..Thus, IL-21 specifically sustains CD8+ T cell effector activity and provides a mechanism of CD4+ T cell help during chronic viral infection...
  71. pmc IL-4 inhibits TGF-beta-induced Foxp3+ T cells and, together with TGF-beta, generates IL-9+ IL-10+ Foxp3(-) effector T cells
    Valerie Dardalhon
    Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
    Nat Immunol 9:1347-55. 2008
    ..Thus IL-9(+)IL-10(+) T cells lack suppressive function and constitute a distinct population of helper-effector T cells that promote tissue inflammation...
  72. ncbi Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: a potential mechanism of immune evasion
    Haidong Dong
    Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
    Nat Med 8:793-800. 2002
    ..These findings have implications for the design of T cell-based cancer immunotherapy...
  73. ncbi Transcription factor IRF4 controls plasma cell differentiation and class-switch recombination
    Ulf Klein
    Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
    Nat Immunol 7:773-82. 2006
    ..These results identify IRF4 as a crucial transcriptional 'switch' in the generation of functionally competent plasma cells...
  74. ncbi Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    Nicholas Chiorazzi
    Institute for Medical Research, North Shore LIJ Health System, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
    N Engl J Med 352:804-15. 2005
  75. ncbi Toll-like receptors control activation of adaptive immune responses
    M Schnare
    Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
    Nat Immunol 2:947-50. 2001
    ..These results suggest that distinct pathways of the innate immune system control activation of the two effector arms of adaptive immunity...
  76. ncbi CD28/B7 system of T cell costimulation
    D J Lenschow
    Committee on Immunology, Ben May Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    Annu Rev Immunol 14:233-58. 1996
    ..It is our hope and expectation that this review will provoke additional research that will unravel this important, yet complex, signaling pathway...
  77. ncbi Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in tumors from patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer and late-stage ovarian cancer
    E Y Woo
    Department of Surgery, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    Cancer Res 61:4766-72. 2001
    ..Despite a generalized expression of lymphocyte activation markers in the tumor-associated T-cell populations, the CD8(+) T cells expressed low levels of CD25...
  78. pmc Cytokine-secreting follicular T cells shape the antibody repertoire
    R Lee Reinhardt
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, USA
    Nat Immunol 10:385-93. 2009
    ..Our findings support a model in which B cells compete for cytokines produced by follicular helper T cells that shape the affinity and isotype of the antibody response...
  79. pmc T cell receptor-proximal signals are sustained in peripheral microclusters and terminated in the central supramolecular activation cluster
    Rajat Varma
    Program in Molecular Pathogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA
    Immunity 25:117-27. 2006
    ..Our studies reveal a role for F-actin in TCR signaling beyond microcluster formation...
  80. pmc Regulatory T-cell suppressor program co-opts transcription factor IRF4 to control T(H)2 responses
    Ye Zheng
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
    Nature 458:351-6. 2009
    ..Our results indicate that T(reg) cells use components of the transcriptional machinery, promoting a particular type of effector CD4(+) T cell differentiation, to efficiently restrain the corresponding type of the immune response...
  81. ncbi T cell activation is associated with lower CD4+ T cell gains in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with sustained viral suppression during antiretroviral therapy
    Peter W Hunt
    Positive Health Program, San Francisco General Hospital, and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
    J Infect Dis 187:1534-43. 2003
    ..Interventions that directly target T cell activation or the determinants of activation may prove to be useful adjuvants to antiretroviral therapy...
  82. pmc Targeting Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways to reverse T cell exhaustion and restore anti-tumor immunity
    Kaori Sakuishi
    Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    J Exp Med 207:2187-94. 2010
    ..We further find that combined targeting of the Tim-3 and PD-1 pathways is more effective in controlling tumor growth than targeting either pathway alone...
  83. pmc Identification and functional characterization of human CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells with regulatory properties isolated from peripheral blood
    H Jonuleit
    Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, D 55101 Mainz, Germany
    J Exp Med 193:1285-94. 2001
    ..However, the refractory state of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells was partially reversible by the addition of IL-2 or IL-4. These data demonstrate that human blood contains a resident T cell population with potent regulatory properties...
  84. ncbi Multifunctional CD4(+) T cells correlate with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
    Nadia Caccamo
    Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
    Eur J Immunol 40:2211-20. 2010
    ..Our results suggest that phenotypic and functional signatures of CD4(+) T cells may serve as immunological correlates of protection and curative host responses, and be a useful tool to monitor the efficacy of anti-mycobacterial therapy...
  85. ncbi Inflammatory signals in dendritic cell activation and the induction of adaptive immunity
    Olivier Joffre
    Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
    Immunol Rev 227:234-47. 2009
    ..Here, we review the differences between PRR-triggered and cytokine-induced DC activation and speculate on a potential role for DCs activated by inflammatory signals in tolerance induction rather than immunity...
  86. pmc IL-21 regulates germinal center B cell differentiation and proliferation through a B cell-intrinsic mechanism
    Dimitra Zotos
    The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
    J Exp Med 207:365-78. 2010
    ..The absence of IL-21 or IL-21 receptor does not abrogate the appearance of T cells in GCs or the appearance of CD4 T cells with a follicular helper phenotype. IL-21 thus controls fate choices of GC B cells directly...
  87. pmc Severe CD4+ T-cell depletion in gut lymphoid tissue during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and substantial delay in restoration following highly active antiretroviral therapy
    Moraima Guadalupe
    Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
    J Virol 77:11708-17. 2003
    ..Monitoring of the restoration and/or maintenance of CD4(+) T cells in GALT provides a more accurate assessment of the efficacy of antiviral host immune responses as well as HAART...
  88. pmc Reciprocal activating interaction between natural killer cells and dendritic cells
    Franca Gerosa
    Department of Pathology, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy
    J Exp Med 195:327-33. 2002
    ..These data demonstrated for the first time a bidirectional cross talk between NK cells and DC, in which NK cells activated by IL-2 or by mature DC induce DC maturation...
  89. ncbi Interleukin-7 mediates the homeostasis of naïve and memory CD8 T cells in vivo
    K S Schluns
    Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
    Nat Immunol 1:426-32. 2000
    ..Homeostatic proliferation of memory cells was also partially dependent on IL-7. These results point to IL-7 as a pivotal cytokine in T cell homeostasis...
  90. ncbi Control of B-cell responses by Toll-like receptors
    Chandrashekhar Pasare
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
    Nature 438:364-8. 2005
    ..We find that, in addition to CD4+ T-cell help, generation of T-dependent antigen-specific antibody responses requires activation of TLRs in B cells...
  91. pmc Effect of raltegravir-containing intensification on HIV burden and T-cell activation in multiple gut sites of HIV-positive adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy
    Steven A Yukl
    San Francisco VA Medical Center SFVAMC and University of California, San Francisco UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
    AIDS 24:2451-60. 2010
    ..To determine whether raltegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) intensification reduces HIV levels in the gut...
  92. pmc Small-molecule screening using a human primary cell model of HIV latency identifies compounds that reverse latency without cellular activation
    Hung Chih Yang
    Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
    J Clin Invest 119:3473-86. 2009
    ..Our study expands the number of classes of latency-reversing therapeutics and demonstrates the utility of this in vitro model for finding strategies to eradicate HIV-1 infection...
  93. ncbi An emerging player in the adaptive immune response: microRNA-146a is a modulator of IL-2 expression and activation-induced cell death in T lymphocytes
    Graziella Curtale
    Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Universita di Roma, Rome, Italy
    Blood 115:265-73. 2010
    ..Furthermore, miR-146a enforced expression impairs both activator protein 1 (AP-1) activity and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production induced by TCR engagement, thus suggesting a role of this miRNA in the modulation of adaptive immunity...
  94. ncbi T-bet is a STAT1-induced regulator of IL-12R expression in naïve CD4+ T cells
    Maryam Afkarian
    Department of Pathology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8118, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Nat Immunol 3:549-57. 2002
    ..Thus, T-bet is induced by IFN-gamma and STAT1 signaling during T cell activation. In addition, T-bet mediates STAT1-dependent processes of T(H)1 development, including the induction of IL-12Rbeta2...
  95. ncbi Immune activation and inflammation in HIV-1 infection: causes and consequences
    V Appay
    Cellular Immunology Laboratory, INSERM U543, Hopital Pitie Salpetriere, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie PARIS6, Paris, France
    J Pathol 214:231-41. 2008
    ..A simplified model of HIV pathogenesis is proposed, which links together the three major facets of HIV-1 infection: the massive depletion of CD4(+) T cells, the paradoxical immune activation and the exhaustion of regenerative capacity...
  96. ncbi Class switch recombination and hypermutation require activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a potential RNA editing enzyme
    M Muramatsu
    Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan
    Cell 102:553-63. 2000
    ..These results suggest that AID may be involved in regulation or catalysis of the DNA modification step of both class switching and somatic hypermutation...
  97. pmc Dendritic cells require a systemic type I interferon response to mature and induce CD4+ Th1 immunity with poly IC as adjuvant
    M Paula Longhi
    Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology and Chris Browne Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
    J Exp Med 206:1589-602. 2009
    ..Therefore, the adjuvant action of poly IC requires a widespread innate type I IFN response that directly links antigen presentation by DCs to adaptive immunity...
  98. ncbi CD40-CD40 ligand
    C van Kooten
    Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
    J Leukoc Biol 67:2-17. 2000
    ....
  99. pmc MicroRNA-155 modulates the interleukin-1 signaling pathway in activated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells
    Maurizio Ceppi
    Centre d immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Universite de la Mediterranee, Case 906, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:2735-40. 2009
    ..Our observations suggest, therefore, that in mature human DCs, miR-155 is part of a negative feedback loop, which down-modulates inflammatory cytokine production in response to microbial stimuli...
  100. ncbi Reduced inflammation in the tumor microenvironment delays the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and limits tumor progression
    Stephanie K Bunt
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
    Cancer Res 67:10019-26. 2007
    ....
  101. ncbi CD4(+)CD25(+) immunoregulatory T cells: gene expression analysis reveals a functional role for the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor
    Rebecca S McHugh
    Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Immunity 16:311-23. 2002
    ..Importantly, antibodies to GITR abrogated suppression, demonstrating a functional role for this receptor in regulating the CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell subset...

Research Grants66

  1. Study of zidovudine addition in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
    Albert Anderson; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..fluid (CSF) biomarkers as indicators of HAND activity, and the incompletely defined role of monocyte and lymphocyte activation in HIV neuropathogenesis...
  2. Identifying underlying mechanisms of intracellular changes in response to caregiv
    MELANIE SARAH FLINT; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Psychological stress has been reported to affect several aspects of immunity including lymphocyte activation and migration...
  3. Fnip1 Function in Lymphocyte Development, Activation and Metabolism
    Brian M Iritani; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Warburg effect") is highly significant because it could lead to novel strategies to selectively block lymphocyte activation in autoimmune disease, and/or inhibit cancer cell survival...
  4. Abdominal Symptom Phenotypes: Pathways to New Biomarkers
    Robert Shulman; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Collect diary data, urine samples for proteomics, serum for lymphocyte activation, cytokine expression and perform DNIC and video capsule endoscopy procedures...
  5. Antigen receptor inputs: linking structural, molecular, and cellular responses
    Jonathan P Schneck; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..These investigators bring innovative technology and incisive ideas to bear on the problem of lymphocyte activation and its regulation...
  6. New Peptides for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
    Christine Beeton; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Aim 2 we will assess ShK analogs for their in vitro potency, selectivity, stability, and effects on T lymphocyte activation, and PEGylate them to increase their circulating half-life...
  7. Glucose energy metabolism in the growth and survival of B lymphocytes
    THOMAS CRANE CHILES; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..real-time to meet the changing bioenergetic and de novo macromolecular synthetic demands associated with B lymphocyte activation. This is achieved by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K)-dependent signaling that targets several ..
  8. The role of regulatory T cells in biliary atresia
    Alexander Miethke; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..overarching hypothesis that Tregs protect from neonatal bile duct injury through local control of effector lymphocyte activation. This hypothesis will be tested in three overlapping specific aims: 1) to determine the mechanisms by ..
  9. Novel mechanisms of immune activation following allogeneic, hematopoietic stem ce
    JOHN JAMES LETTERIO; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Recently, our group was the first to implicate a role for Cdk5 in lymphocyte activation by 1) developing a new chimeric mouse model in which hematopoietic stem cells from Cdk5 deficient (Cdk5-/-)..
  10. Stress-induced hypertension and the role of the neuroimmune system
    PAUL MARVAR; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..hypertension and that this CRH- and BNST involvement in hypertension is dependent on increased T lymphocyte activation and peripheral vascular inflammation...
  11. B cell metabolism in activation and autoantibody production
    Jeffrey C Rathmell; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..We have shown that cellular metabolism is highly regulated in lymphocyte activation and that while resting T cells rely on an oxidative metabolism, activation leads to a metabolic ..
  12. Shared Mechanisms of Pulmonary Lymphocyte Activation by Bacteria and Toxicants
    Michael Borchers; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..To understand shared roles and mechanisms of lymphocyte activation following bacterial infection and toxicant exposure, we will study epithelial cell lymphocyte interactions ..
  13. MicroRNA regulation of human T and B cell activation
    Daniel R Salomon; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..of human immunity by targeting key differentially and constitutively expressed genes regulating T and B lymphocyte activation, differentiation and survival...
  14. Spinning Disk Confocoal Microscope
    Judy Drazba; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Fox), regulation of B lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and motility by plasma membrane-actin cytoskeletal remodeling (Dr...
  15. Immunity and the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms
    JOHN HUNT LILLVIS; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..By screening immune-related genes for risk alleles and evaluating the expression of cytotoxic lymphocyte activation pathways in AAA tissue, this proposal will test the hypothesis that genes that confer immunity play an ..
  16. Function and regulation of TRPM7 Mg2+-inhibited cation channels
    JULIUSZ ASHOT KOZAK; Fiscal Year: 2010
    DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): T-lymphocyte activation is accompanied by calcium ion (Ca2+) mobilization, alkalinization, blast transformation (enlargement) and membrane potential changes...
  17. Inflammatory Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies for Atherosclerosis in HIV
    STEVEN KYLE GRINSPOON; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..in the monocyte repertoire with expansion of the proinflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocyte subset and T lymphocyte activation. Furthermore, HIV viral factors are being recognized to possibly contribute to atherogenesis...
  18. Role of calcium and reactive oxygen species in toxicant-induced immune failure
    Mohamed Trebak; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ and ROS levels play a central role in lymphocyte activation in response to antigenic stimulation...
  19. Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Myeloproliferative Disease
    KATHLEEN MIHO SAKAMOTO; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..These studies will provide new insights into the molecular pathways leading to MPD. ..
  20. A prospective analysis of peripheral blood cytokines and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    Brenda M Birmann; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..mediate human immune responses and may be associated with NHL risk by virtue of their roles in B and T lymphocyte activation and inflammation...
  21. Generation of an ITK Biosensor Tool Box
    Constantine D Tsoukas; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Intracellular molecules known as Tyrosine Kinases are key regulators of lymphocyte activation. The Inducible T cell Kinase (ITK), we propose to study here, represents one of these tyrosine kinases...
  22. Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) affects 1gM Production via IL-2
    Margie M Peden Adams; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..and immunized experiments will be conducted to control for possible differences in responses related to lymphocyte activation from the immunization used to determine decreased antibody production...
  23. Retrovirus Models of Lymphocyte Transformation and Disease
    PATRICK LEE GREEN; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..abstract_text> ..
  24. PTPN22 and Autoimmunity
    Nunzio Bottini; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..tyrosine phosphatase LYP, which is expressed only in white blood cells and acts as a gatekeeper for T lymphocyte activation. We reported what was to us the remarkable and seminal observation that a missense single-nucleotide ..
  25. The Role of Microglia during TMEV-IDD in the Adult Mouse
    DANNE S DUNCAN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..to enhance antigen presentation (co- stimulation and major histocompatibility complex expression &T lymphocyte activation and proliferation) properties at distinct (anti-viral and anti-myelin) phases of TMEV-IDD using in vitro ..
  26. Impact of Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplant on HIV-1 Reservoir Dynamics
    TIMOTHY JENSEN HENRICH; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..malignancy on peripheral blood and bone marrow reservoir size, 2) study the changes in residual viremia, lymphocyte activation, and HIV-specific immune responses before and after chemotherapy, and, 3) investigate the effects of ..
  27. Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase in Colitis Associated Cancer
    MATTHEW AARON CIORBA; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..IDO is seen as acting through the inhibition of lymphocyte activation. Our evidence shows that IDO is highly expressed in gut epithelial cells in response to inflammation and ..
  28. Immunologic Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Subsets in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
    MARY A FLETCHER; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..Specific Aim 1 will determine the relationship of immune markers related to lymphocyte cytotoxic function, lymphocyte activation and inflammation to symptom severity over the 18 months of observation...
  29. Regulation of T cell activation and tolerance by Grail
    ROZA INSAFETDINOVNA NURIEVA; Fiscal Year: 2013
    Abstract T lymphocyte activation is tightly regulated to ensure effective elimination of invading pathogens as well as maintaining tolerance against self-tissues...
  30. Glucose Transport in Regulation of T Cell Activation and Inflammation
    Jeffrey C Rathmell; Fiscal Year: 2012
    DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Lymphocyte activation must be controlled to allow proper immunity while preventing inappropriate inflammatory immune responses...
  31. TYROSINE PROTEIN KINASES AND LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION
    Robert L Geahlen; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..abstract_text> ..
  32. Ontogeny and function of zebrafish antigen presenting cells
    David Traver; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..The mechanisms of lymphocyte activation in lower vertebrates, however, are largely unknown...
  33. Role of the Nlrp3 Inflammasome in Adaptive Immunity
    STEPHANIE CAROLINE EISENBARTH; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..cells, resulting in the release of IL-1 family members, which provide requisite priming signals for lymphocyte activation. [Using Nlrp3, conditional caspase-1, IL-1RI and other knockout mouse lines, both in vitro and in vivo ..
  34. CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
    Ramnik J Xavier; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..the development and characterization of new genetic mouse models of IBD, delineation of mechanisms of lymphocyte activation and leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation, characterization of mechanisms of innate immune ..
  35. Biomarkers of Immunologic Function and Preterm Respiratory Outcomes
    Alan H Jobe; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Aim 1 will test for sustained pro-inflammatory Th17 lymphocyte activation during the progression of BPD...
  36. CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
    MATTHEW FRANKLIN MESCHER; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..abstract_text> ..
  37. Proinflammatory Effects Of Acute Alcohol Ingestion in Humans
    Majid Afshar; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..40;95% Confidence Interval 1.22-1.60;p<0.0001). Our pilot study of ex vivo blood lymphocyte activation in human subjects that consumed alcohol to simulate binge drinking showed substantially increased PHA-..
  38. SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION
    Amnon Altman; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..The new information will likely provide a rational basis for using PKC[unreadable] as a drug target in autoimmune and allergic diseases, and in T cell malignancies. ..
  39. Multiple Tumor Antigen-loaded DC Vaccine for Hepatocellular Cancer
    LISA HELENE BUTTERFIELD; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..A.2 Specific Aim 2. Lymphocyte activation. In this aim, we will analyze the result of presentation of the full length antigens (AFP, GPC3) and MHC ..
  40. IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC LYMPHOCYTES
    Warren S Pear; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ....
  41. FASEB SRC on Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Cell Development and Function
    Ellen V Rothenberg; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..regulatory networks, (6) Peripheral differentiation and lymphocyte dynamics, (7) Immune responses, (8) Lymphocyte activation, and (9) Innate immunity...
  42. Lymphocyte Activation and Gene Expression
    Andrew D Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This proposal is to request support for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Lymphocyte Activation and Gene Expression, organized by Leslie J. Berg, Lawrence E. Samelson and Facundo D...
  43. Role of viral APH-2 in HTLV-2 replication and persistence
    PATRICK LEE GREEN; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ....
  44. Solving the elusive mechanism of rapamycin action in lymphocytes
    David A Fruman; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..There are two S6 kinases, S6K1 and S6K2, but their roles in lymphocyte activation and proliferation have not been reported...
  45. Role of Chemokines on C8+ Tau cell Effector Functions during MCMV infection
    TANIA NEVERS; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..T lymphocyte activation, particularly CD8+ T cells, are required to limit virus-associated tissue damage and the promotion of ..
  46. Biochemical Characterization of the Regulatory T-cell Protein LAG-3.
    Zarixia Zavala Ruiz; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to characterize the regulatory T-cell protein lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG- 3)...
  47. Lymphocyte Activation in Sickle Cell Lung Disease
    Joel M Linden; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Hypothesis: Patients with SCD will have elevated iNKT cell numbers, CXCR3 expression and intracellular IFN that will be correlated to some parameters of disease severity. ..
  48. Lymphocyte-Bound Complement Activation Products: Clues to SLE Pathogenesis
    Chau Ching Liu; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..prototypic systemic autoimmune disease, is characterized by aberrant immune responses including polyclonal lymphocyte activation, autoantibody production, immune complex formation, and complement activation...
  49. Molecular and Structural Basis for T Cell Costimulation
    Stanley G Nathenson; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..recent structural studies on newly described costimulatory molecules, including members of the Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule (SLAM), T cell Immunoglobulin Mucin (TIM) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) families, have ..
  50. Tyrosine Kinases and Lymphocyte Activation
    Robert L Geahlen; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ....
  51. Analysis of Lag-3 in Regulatory T Cell Function and Immune Supression
    Charles G Drake; Fiscal Year: 2012
    DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Among the various molecules that regulate T cell function, Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 (LAG-3) has garnered significant recent interest. LAG-3 is a CD4 homolog originally cloned in 1990...
  52. Characterization of LC3-Associated Phagocytosis
    Jennifer Martinez; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..A recent report has described T and B cell hyperactivity, leading to dysregulated lymphocyte activation and autoimmunity, in mice deficient for Tim4, a phosphatidylserine receptor on phagocytes that facilitates ..
  53. Regulation of CARD11 signaling in normal and dysregulated lymphocyte development
    Joel L Pomerantz; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..by applicant): Antigen receptor signaling to NF-?B is a highly regulated, critical pathway for B and T lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response...
  54. RESEARCH TRAINING IN IMMUNOLOGY
    David H Sherr; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..This program is intended to train the next generation of basic and translational investigators to develop novel treatments for immunologically based diseases and new strategies for vaccine development. ..
  55. Genetics, Immunology and Repair in Multiple Sclerosis
    Andrew D Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..There will be a focus on the immunopathogenesis of MS including pre-active MS lesions, mechanisms of lymphocyte activation, the B cell and trafficking of cells across the blood brain barrier...
  56. Neuropsychological Benefits of Cognitive Training in Ugandan HIV Children
    MICHAEL JOSEPH BOIVIN; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..greater gains than those not on ART, and HIV subtype D children will have lower viral loads and higher lymphocyte activation levels, resulting in greater gains from CCRT (Study Aim 3)...
  57. Modulation of the early host response to SIV in pathogenic infection
    Amitinder Kaur; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..that increased TRAIL production leading to increased CD4+ T lymphocyte apoptosis initiates bystander T lymphocyte activation and is critical to the development of chronic immune activation and AIDS progression following pathogenic ..
  58. HVEM-BTLA Pathway in Lymphoma
    Carl F Ware; Fiscal Year: 2013
    ..Ig superfamily protein, BTLA (B and T lymphocyte attenuator) form a novel signaling network that regulates lymphocyte activation and proliferation...
  59. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF IMMUNOLOGIC LUNG DISEASE
    Kathleen Kreiss; Fiscal Year: 1991
    ..This proposal is the critical step in development of a screening test for the prevention of beryllium disease among the 800,000 Americans who have had industrial exposure to beryllium...
  60. Regulation of Lymphocyte Signaling
    JAMES WAVELL AIKEN; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..Key individual components of signaling pathways that control lymphocyte activation have been identified...
  61. MODULATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE BY VITAMIN D
    William Rigby; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..not resting lymphocytes led to the discovery by our laboratory that calcitriol was a potent inhibitor of T lymphocyte activation and lymphokine production...
  62. Mechanistic Studies of HIV-exposed Seronegative Individuals
    Otto O Yang; Fiscal Year: 2012
    ..by exploring the overarching hypothesis that innate immune reactivity is a key determinant of CD4+ T lymphocyte activation at mucosal surfaces, and therefore a key determinant of susceptibility to HIV-1 infection of an individual...
  63. COCAINE AND CATECHOLAMINE EFFECTS ON T LYMPHOCYTES
    Thomas Klein; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..the studies proposed, we will examine in detail several signal transduction molecular pathways involved in lymphocyte activation in order to obtain a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these cocaine effects...
  64. Role of TRAF1 in signaling by TNFR2 family members
    Erdyni Tsitsikov; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..of biological processes including the acute phase response, cell growth and apoptosis, inflammation and lymphocyte activation. TNF has two receptors: TNFR1and TNFR2...
  65. The Role of Dendritic Cells in Renal Immune Responses
    Karl Nath; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The mechanisms underlying T-lymphocyte activation in kidney disease are poorly understood, as are the mechanisms that prevent immune activation in the ..
  66. Mechanisms for SIV evasion of vaccine immunity: Role of FasL-mediated cell death
    CHARLES PAUZA; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Acute HIV infection is accompanied by a wave of lymphocyte activation and depletion that likely includes both infected and uninfected cells...